Electric Radiant Heat Outperforms Hydronic Radiant Heat

The numbers are in and they’re impressive.

Multi-unit dwelling, Amherst, NS

Multi-unit dwelling, Amherst, NS

More and more projects are using radiant heating as the primary heating system for the building. Whether that projects is a single detached residential home, an office and warehouse building, a high-rise office tower, etc., radiant heat is being deployed in all kinds of projects.

The primary drivers are energy efficiency and comfort. We’ve explored those topics throughout our website and blog, so I won’t go into detail here. I do, however, want to share some comparative results we’ve compiled.

It’s not very often we get the opportunity to compare different heating systems directly in a way that makes sense. Usually the buildings are different, or are in a different climate, and so forth, making a direct comparison very difficult. Not in this case, however.

One of our customers is in the business of building relatively small muli-unit residential rental apartments intended primarily for retired people. The rent includes heat and light for one price. Naturally the building owner wants to be able to control his costs as best as he can. Any savings goes directly to his bottom line. He had several of these units with hot water radiant heating. As he built more units, he switched to SmartRooms radiant heat primarily because of the initial capital costs and that maintenance costs are generally zero. He hadn’t expected that the electric radiant system would be so much better on his consumption, however!

The Numbers

The SmartRooms units consumed 30,217 kwh of electricity in total for all the units.  The hydronic units consumed 60,365 kwh.  That’s almost exactly twice as much!  Total operating costs are going to be similar, of course:  $2,328.36 for the SmartRooms units vs $5,200.84.

 

  SmartRooms Hydronic
Energy Use (all units) 30,217 kwh 60,365 kwh
Annual Cost (all units) $2,328.36 $5,200.84

The hydronic system uses significantly more energy to do the job than the SmartRooms Earth Thermal Storage units.  The hydronic hot water system is also subject to maintenance issues such a pumps and boilers, whereas the SmartRooms system is not.  It just keeps working year after year after year.

So if you want an economical and energy efficient heating system that you can just “set and forget”, then you should be looking into SmartRooms radiant heating.

Which Smartrooms Radiant System is Best?

With so many different products to use, how does one know which is the best fit for them? It’s not an easy question to answer. Each SmartRooms product has its particular niche application. Some are “better” in certain circumstances while others are “better” in other circumstances.

First, let’s clear up one aspect about any SmartRooms system or product line: All are 100% efficient. So energy efficiency isn’t normally going to be a consideration in choosing one over the other.

When we size a system (a detailed explanation of the process can be found here) the first thing we need to ensure is that the basic heat loss is addressed. For instance, if a room has a calculated heat loss of 1000 watts, we need to ensure that whatever system is chosen, that the heating capacity of that system is sufficient to cover that heat load. That’s the first priority.

The Art of Sizing

Once the physics of the situation is satisfied, the “art” of sizing comes in to play. How is the space going to be used? What are the expectations of the owners in how they want the system to perform. What will be the ramifications a few years down the road when circumstances change and the owner’s lifestyle has changed? These are major considerations that comes into play and helps us decide which is the best product for the application.

By way of example, let’s take an average residence. Each room in the home has a different purpose. While they all have some level of heat loss, each room is usually going to be quite different. Also, the purpose of the room is going to be different and different levels of comfort are often desirable. For instance, a bathroom will need to be treated differently than a foyer or garage. In a bathroom people are often more exposed (they may have just stepped out of the shower, for instance) and so their comfort profile is going to be different than if they’re cooking in the kitchen.

In my own home, as an example, I utilized several different types of SmartRooms radiant heating systems. I’ll step you through my reasoning:

As mentioned before, the bathroom can be a major source of discomfort. Aside from the exposure issues, most of the materials in a bathroom (like tiled floors) feel cold to the touch even if they are the same temperature. It’s just how our body reacts to those materials. So I opted for additional comfort here by using two systems. I use the SmartRooms Radiant Ceiling panel system to provide the primary heat in the room and I used the SmartRooms Floor Warming System in the tile floor to add just that little extra warmth directly to the tiles. This approach ensures comfort in all conditions.

In my garage I took an entirely different approach. We use the garage to store our cars and other household items. I don’t want to keep the garage at the usual room temperature of the house. There’s no need for that. Comfort here is not normally an issue. This allows me to set back the room’s temperature to something I find perfectly acceptable – cool but not freezing (since there are lots of things in there that I don’t want to freeze such as paints, etc.). But occasionally I want to use the garage as a workshop for doing those various household chores that forever crop up. When this happens I want to be able to raise the temperature in the garage quickly and only for the duration of the time I’m working in the area. So I selected the SmartRooms Architectural Series system and had them surface mounted to the garage’s ceiling. I’m not concerned about aesthetics in this particular case (although I think they look just fine). I’m more concerned about economical operation, but want the flexibility to quickly change the room’s temperature when it suits me. And the Architectural Series radiant panels do that for me.

(As a side note: Note how easy it is to control zones on a room-by-room basis with a SmartRooms system. Central heating systems such as forced hot air simply can’t match this level of flexibility. Hot water hydronic systems simply can’t react as fast as the SmartRooms system does, and is rarely able to be zoned as accurately as SmartRooms simply due to the added complexity and costs of additional valving.)

Commercial projects have similar but different challenges. A “mixed-use” building such as a warehouse with offices has a different profile. It is often desirable to run the warehouse at a cool temperature, but you want the offices to be warmer. That’s no problem for SmartRooms. We can mix and match our products to meet the challenge.

Summary

SmartRooms has developed different product lines for different applications simply because different approaches are often needed for different areas. You want both a cost-effective and cost-efficient heating system without compromising comfort. That’s why we highly recommend that you speak with us during the planning stages of your project. We have over 25 years experience in providing comfortable radiant heating solutions. We know what works best and where. Please tap us for our expertise. We’d love to hear from you! There’s no cost and no obligation.

Free Estimates

Cathedral Ceilings and Radiant Heat

Quite often we are asked “Is radiant heat suitable for rooms with a cathedral (or sloped) ceiling”. The short answer is an unqualified yes!

A Quick Lesson in Physics

Everyone is familiar with the concept that “hot air rises”. That’s true. Hot air is lighter than cold air and so it will naturally float to the top. The key thing to note, from both a comfort and energy efficiency point of view, is that the energy you paid for to heat up all that air rises away from you and the other occupants and objects within the room.
Hot Air with a Cathedral Ceiling
When a room has a high or cathedral ceiling, that effect is only increased. You either have to employ a fan to help push down the hot air (using more energy still to power the fan, only to have it rise back up again), or crank the heat up even further in the hopes that some of the hot air will eventually reach you. That’s not particularly energy efficient is it?

Radiant Heat is Different

Radiant heat does not heat up the air directly like a hot air system does. Radiant heat warms objects and people directly. Think of radiant heat like sunlight. It “shines” on all the objects and people it can see. That “shine” is what warms you and the objects within the room. Just like the Sun warms you directly on a clear day. Directly, instantly and efficiently.

Radaint Heat with a Cathedral Ceiling

Ceiling height isn’t a factor in how far radiant heat can travel. The Earth, after all, is warmed by the Sun which is some 93 million miles (149 million kilometers) away.

Since radiant heat doesn’t heat the air directly, there’s no hot air rising (and no cold down drafts)in the room, and thus the warmth is evenly distributed throughout the space. There’s no need for fans and other additional “tricks” to try to coerce the heat to where you are—at the floor level. Radiant heat does its job effectively and efficiently.

As you can see, hot air systems cannot effectively nor efficiently heat a space that has a high or cathedral ceiling. Only radiant heat can do the job.